Improvement in cores for tubing



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- Gorus fog; Tubing. No. 163,148, Patnted May11,'1875.

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w. F. BnooKs. Cures for Tubing.

Patented May H, 187-5.

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VILLIAM F. BROOKS, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., ASSIGNOR TO GEORGE J. BROOKS, OFBRATTLEBOROUGH, VERMONT.

IMPROVEMENT IN CORES FOR TUBING.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 163,148, dated May l1,1875; application iiled December 1, 1874.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it `known that I, WILLIAM F. BROOKS, of the city, county, and Stateof New York, have invented a new and useful Improvement in theManufacture of Metal Tubing; and I do hereby declare that the followingis afull, clear, and exact description of the same, reference being hadto the accompanying drawing forming part of this specification.

rIhis invention relates to the manufacture of seamless tubes fromhomogeneous iron, steel, yellow metal, copper, and other metals by aprocess for which Letters Patent No. 146,868 were issued to Elisha P.Wilbur, as assignee of myself, January 27, 1874, and in which the blockof similar construction, whereby, after the block, with the core in it,shall have been passed through rolls to bring down the shell of theblockon the core, or the shell otherwise be made to form a close fit with thecore, the exterior of the core and the interior and exterior of theblock will be parallel, ornearly so, on all sides, so that the block andcore will subsequently roll uniformly and keep their proportionate formirrespective of any particular amount of rolling-draft. This uniformrolling of the block and core experience has demonstrated cannot be soperfectly attained when a lianged or I-shaped core is used within ablock to suit. rlhe regular taper of the improved core from reverse endsto its center and corresponding block, also absence of abrupt flanges,admits of the most perfect and easy reduction, in a uniform manner, ofthe block and core.

Figure 1 represents an end View of a block which may be cast orotherwise produced with a rectangular passage through it, and with itsedges, and from whichV block a seamless tube may be made in accordancewith this invention. Fig. 2 is an outside edge or side View of the same.Fig. 3 is an end view of said block after being heated, and with a coldcore inserted in it. Fig. 4 is an end view7 and Fig. 5 an edge view, ofthe core. Fig. 61 is an end view of the block, with its core, afterrolling to bring the shell of the block down on or in close contact withthe core; and Fig. 7, an end view of the same after being heated andpre-` pared to roll into aslab, the successive chan ges, as produced byrepeated rollings, being indicated by dotted lines. Fig. S is an endview of the slab. Fig. 9 is an end view of the slab slightly opened, bywhich the core is loosened; and Fig. 10 is a similar view of the slab,but opened still more, and with the core removed. Fig. 11 is a furtherlike view of the same when opened ready to be heated preparatory to afinal opening and finishing. Fig. l2 represents a longitudinal section,upon a smaller scale, of the tube formed from the opened slab, and aspassing, while hot, between rollsI and over a bulb connected with athrust-rod, and onto it. Fig. 13 represents a cross-section of said bulbwhich is slightly oval) with the tube passing over it. Fig. 14 is an endView of the finished tube. Figs. 15 and 16 represent end and side viewsof a block with its core made ready for rolling into a slab, ashereinafter described, without any preparatory operation of closing theshell of theblock on the core.

To make my invention available in the process of manufacturing aseamless-metal tube, I adopt either one or the other of the followingpreparations of the block with. its core: Thus, in the one case take theblock A, shown in Figs. 1 and 2, produced by casting or other- Wise, audformed with a rectangular passage, b, through it, and with convexexterior opposite sides c c, also bosses or projections d d on its othersides or edges, and, after heating the said block, insert in its passageb a cold core, B, of the same length as the passage b, and with its endsof the width thereof, but being of a diminishing taper toward its centerfrom either end; or, in other words, of a double reverse Wedge shape,substantially as shown in Figs. 3 and 4. The core may be coated withgraphite prior to entering in Within the block, and this, taken inconnection with the core, being cold, prevents the Welding of the corewith the block, and insures a smooth interior surface of the latter. Ithen side-roll the hot block with the cold core in it and close theshell of the block down on or in close contact with the core, asrepresented in Fig. 6, and Which is the starting-point, as it Were, inthe subsequently rolling of the block and close-fitting core, with theexterior of the core and interior and exterior of the block parallel, ornearly so, on all sides, whereby the block and core will, in thefurtherprosecution of the Work, be rolled uniformly and keep theirproportionate form irrespective of any particular amount of rolling-draft. Thus the block shown in Fig. 6, and having the core in it, hasits edges onehalf thicker than its center, which latter, as comparedwith the edges, is as two to three, so that taking twenty per cent., orany other per cent., as the rolling-draft, the reduction of the block,with its core, Would be two parts at the center for three parts at theedges, thereby maintaining the same proportionate form, as shown in Fig.7. The same result is obtained by iirst making the block or casting A,as shown in Figs. 15 and 16, of the same form as shown in Fig. 6, bymaking the core B, Fig. 15., of the same kind of metal as the casting orblock A, and, after placing said core in the mold, running the metal ofwhich the block is composed around the core, or the core may be ofdifferent material and be removed after the block is cast, and a metalcore, either introduced in a fluid or solid state, be inserted in placeof the primary and removed core.

The block A, having the core in it, as represented in Fig. 6, beingreheated, is then side rolled by a succession of passes or rollingoperations, Which gradually and proportionately reduce the block withits core, as represented by dotted lines in Fig. 7, to the form of aslab, after which, or before the last or two last passes, the same isrun though cutting-rolls that remove the projections or bosses d d afterbeing rolled into fin shape, bringing the block with its core to theform of a perfect slab, C, as represented in Fig. 8. Said slab is thencut off at its one end and its severed end opened by a hand tool, andthe slab passed through grooved rolls, Which loosen the core B or brokenportions thereof, as represented in Fig. 9. The slab, havin g the coreremoved, is then further side and edge rolled to open it still farther,as shown in Fig. 10, and subsequently still further rolled to bring itto the .form shown in Fig. l1, ready to be reheated, lthe previousrollings of the slab being performed cold. The tube formed from the slabthen being heated, it is passed between rolls and over a bulb, D,connected With a thrust-rod, D', and onto the same. This bulb isslightly oval in conformity with the similar and irregular shape ofthetube, as introduced onto it and for the purpose of taking out the kinks,Figs. 10 and ll, produced on the opposite edges of the slab. After this,the tube, being fully and ually opened, may be sized and finished byWell-known methods, as represented in Fig. 14.

I claim- The reversely taper or Wedge shaped core for use Within a blockof similar construction externally and internally, substantially as andfor the purpose herein set forth.

WM. F. BROOKS, Witnesses:

HENRY T. BROWN, MICHAEL RYAN.

